Cash on Cash Return Calculator (vs Cap Rate)

See what your invested cash actually earns each year — and how it compares to the cap rate, live as you type.

Instant Results
Purchase & Cash In

The full price of the property.

$

Set 100% for an all-cash purchase.

%

Closing costs, loan points, and initial repairs paid out of pocket.

$
Loan & Income

Annual interest rate on the loan.

%

Years to fully pay off the loan.

Rent and other income minus operating expenses, before any loan payments.

$

Estimates only — first-year, pre-tax figures. Not financial advice.

Your Cash on Cash Return
9.64%
Solid — inside the typical 8–12% range
Total Cash Invested
$135,000
Annual Debt Service
$26,980
Annual Pre-Tax Cash Flow
$13,020
Cap Rate (Same Deal)
8.00%

What Cash on Cash Return Measures (and What It Doesn't)

Cash on cash return answers one question: how hard is the cash you actually put in working? Divide your annual pre-tax cash flow — NOI minus a year of mortgage payments — by your total cash invested: down payment, closing costs, loan points, and initial repairs. A 9.64% return means every $100 of your cash brings back $9.64 in the first year, before taxes. It is a first-year, cash-only snapshot. It does not count property appreciation, the equity your tenant builds by paying down the loan, or tax effects — useful limits to know before you lean on the number.

Professional Formula
Cash on Cash Return = Annual Pre-Tax Cash Flow ÷ Total Cash Invested × 100

What Is a Good Cash on Cash Return?

Take the calculator's default deal: a $500,000 rental with 25% down ($125,000) plus $10,000 in closing costs, financed at 6% over 30 years, earning $40,000 NOI. Annual debt service is $26,980, leaving $13,020 of cash flow on $135,000 invested — a 9.64% cash on cash return, inside the 8–12% range most investors call solid.

Benchmarks compiled from LoopNet (Oct 2025), Rocket Mortgage (Aug 2025), and Mashvisor — all citing the same 8–12% industry consensus. Last checked June 10, 2026.

Cash on Cash ReturnWhat It MeansHow Investors See It
Below 0%The property loses cash every month after the mortgageNegative cash flow — you fund the deal from your own pocket, with no cushion for surprises
0% – 8%Your cash earns less than the typical targetCan still make sense in stable, low-risk markets or high-appreciation bets
8% – 12%Solid first-year return on the cash you put inThe general industry consensus for a good rental deal
Above 12%Your cash is earning an outsized returnExcellent — but high returns usually ride on higher risk, so check why

Leverage Cuts Both Ways

Borrowing money can push your cash on cash return above the cap rate — or below it. In the default deal, the loan costs 6% while the property yields an 8% cap rate, so leverage works for you: 9.64% beats 8%. Re-run the same deal at a 7% rate and annual debt service jumps to $29,939 — cash flow drops to $10,061 and the return falls to 7.45%, below the cap rate. Same building, same rent; the financing alone flipped the result. That is the whole game: when the cost of debt is below the property's yield, leverage amplifies your return. When it is above, leverage eats it. Change the interest rate in the calculator and watch the flip happen.

9.64% > 8%
6% Loan · Leverage Helps
7.45% < 8%
7% Loan · Leverage Hurts

Cash on Cash vs. Cap Rate vs. ROI

These three metrics answer different questions. Cap rate ignores financing — it scores the property's own yield and stays the same whether you pay cash or borrow. Cash on cash return is your test: how fast does the cash you put in come back, this year? ROI zooms out to the whole holding period — appreciation, loan paydown, and sale proceeds included. If you buy all-cash, cash on cash lands almost exactly on the cap rate; the small gap is your closing costs sitting in the denominator. The deeper comparison, with worked scenarios, lives in our Cap Rate vs Cash on Cash guide.

Cap Rate
The Property
CoC
Your Cash, Year 1
ROI
Whole Holding

Put your cash on cash return in context

Cash on cash tells you what your money earns. Pair it with NOI, cap rate, and DSCR to judge the whole deal.

How to Use

  1. 1

    Enter the price and your down payment

    Set the purchase price and your down payment percentage. Buying all-cash? Set the down payment to 100% — the loan disappears and the math adjusts automatically.

  2. 2

    Add your upfront costs

    Count every dollar that leaves your pocket at the start: closing costs, loan points, and initial repairs. Flippers: this is where the rehab budget goes.

  3. 3

    Add loan terms and NOI

    Enter the interest rate, loan term, and annual net operating income — rent minus operating expenses, before any loan payments. No NOI yet? Run the NOI Calculator first.

  4. 4

    Read your return — and the cap rate next to it

    The result updates as you type. Compare the cash on cash return with the cap rate on the same deal: if it is higher, your financing is helping; if lower, the debt is eating your yield.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a 10% cash on cash return good?
In most markets, yes. A 10% return sits inside the 8–12% range most investors consider solid, and it beats many alternative income investments. Local conditions and risk still matter — a 10% return in a declining market is a different deal than 10% in a stable one.
What does a 5% cash on cash return mean?
Every $100 of cash you invested brings back $5 per year, before taxes. For example, a $10 million property bought all-cash with $500,000 of annual net operating income returns 500,000 ÷ 10,000,000 = 5% cash on cash.
Is cash on cash return calculated for the first year only?
Yes — by convention it is a first-year snapshot. Rents, taxes, and insurance all change over time, so investors use it to screen deals, not to project a decade. For multi-year analysis with irregular cash flows, IRR is the better metric.
Does cash on cash return include mortgage payments?
Yes, on the cash flow side. Annual pre-tax cash flow is NOI minus a full year of mortgage payments (principal and interest). The mortgage does not appear in the denominator — total cash invested counts only the money you paid out of pocket, not borrowed dollars.
What counts as total cash invested?
Everything you paid out of pocket to acquire the deal: the down payment, closing costs (escrow, title, appraisal), loan points, and any initial repairs to make the property rent-ready. If you borrowed it, it does not count — that is the loan's side of the ledger.
What is the difference between cash on cash return and ROI?
ROI measures the whole investment over its whole life; cash on cash measures only your cash, this year. ROI folds in appreciation, loan paydown, tax effects, and eventual sale proceeds. Cash on cash deliberately ignores all of that to answer a narrower question: what is my invested cash earning right now?
What is the difference between cash on cash return and cap rate?
Cap rate scores the property; cash on cash scores your money. Cap rate divides NOI by the purchase price and ignores financing entirely. Cash on cash divides your actual cash flow — after mortgage payments — by the cash you put in. Pay all-cash and the two nearly converge; add a loan and they split.
Does cash on cash return include equity or appreciation?
No. It is cash in versus cash out — nothing else. The equity your tenant builds by paying down the loan and any rise in property value are real wealth, but they are locked in the building until you refinance or sell. Metrics like return on equity or IRR capture those; cash on cash deliberately does not.